465 articles · 12 schedules
Preamble
Name and territory of the Union
Admission or establishment of new States
Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States
Laws made under articles 2 and 3 to provide for the amendment of the First and the Fourth Schedules and supplemental, incidental and consequential matters
Citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution
Rights of citizenship of certain persons who have migrated to India from Pakistan
Rights of citizenship of certain migrants to Pakistan
Rights of citizenship of certain persons of Indian origin residing outside India
Persons voluntarily acquiring citizenship of a foreign State not to be citizens
Continuance of the rights of citizenship
Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law
Definitions
Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights
Equality before law
Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth
Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment
Abolition of Untouchability
Abolition of titles
Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, etc
Protection in respect of conviction for offences
Protection of life and personal liberty
Right to education
Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases
Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour
Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc
Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion
Freedom to manage religious affairs
Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion
Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in certain educational institutions
Protection of interests of minorities
Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions
Compulsory acquisition of property
Saving of laws providing for acquisition of estates, etc
Validation of certain Acts and Regulations
Saving of laws giving effect to certain directive principles
Saving of laws in respect of anti-national activities
Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this Part
Constitutional validity of State laws not to be considered in proceedings under article 32
Power of Parliament to modify the rights conferred by this Part in their application to Forces, etc
Restriction on rights conferred by this Part while martial law is in force in any area
Legislation to give effect to the provisions of this Part
Definition
Application of the principles contained in this Part
State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people
Certain principles of policy to be followed by the State
Equal justice and free legal aid
Organisation of village panchayats
Right to work, to education and to public assistance in certain cases
Provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief
Living wage, etc, for workers
Participation of workers in management of industries
Uniform civil code for the citizens
Provision for free and compulsory education for children
Promotion of educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections
Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health
Organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry
Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wild life
Protection of monuments and places and objects of national importance
Separation of judiciary from executive
Promotion of international peace and security
Fundamental duties
The President of India
Executive power of the Union
Election of President
Manner of election of President
Term of office of President
Eligibility for re-election
Qualifications for election as President
Conditions of President's office
Oath or affirmation by the President
Procedure for impeachment of the President
Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of President and the term of office of person elected to fill casual vacancy
The Vice-President of India
The Vice-President to be ex officio Chairman of the Council of States
The Vice-President to act as President or to discharge his functions during casual vacancies in the office, or during the absence, of President
Election of Vice - President
Term of office of Vice-President
Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of Vice-President and the term of office of person elected to fill casual vacancy
Oath or affirmation by the Vice-President
Discharge of President's functions in other contingencies
Matters relating to, or connected with, the election of a President or Vice-President
Power of President to grant pardons, etc, and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases
Extent of executive power of the Union
Council of Ministers to aid and advise President
Other provisions as to Ministers
Attorney-General for India
Conduct of business of the Government of India
Duties of Prime Minister as respects the furnishing of information to the President, etc
Constitution of Parliament
Composition of the Council of States
Composition of the House of the People
Readjustment after each census
Duration of Houses of Parliament
Qualification for membership of Parliament
Sessions of Parliament, prorogation and dissolution
Right of President to address and send messages to Houses
Special address by the President
Rights of Ministers and Attorney General as respects Houses
The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Council of States
Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the office of Deputy Chairman
Power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Chairman
The Chairman or the Deputy Chairman not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration
The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of the People
Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Speaker and Deputy Speaker
Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Speaker
The Speaker or the Deputy Speaker not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration
Salaries and allowances of the Chairman and Deputy Chairman and the Speaker and Deputy Speaker
Secretariat of Parliament
Oath or affirmation by members
Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act notwithstanding vacancies and quorum
Vacation of seats
Disqualifications for membership
Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members
Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 99 or when not qualified or when disqualified
Powers, privileges, etc, of the Houses of Parliament and of the members and committees thereof
Salaries and allowances of members
Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills
Joint sitting of both Houses in certain cases
Special procedure in respect of Money Bills
Definition of “Money Bills”
Assent to Bills
Annual financial statement
Procedure in Parliament with respect to estimates
Appropriation Bills
Supplementary, additional or excess grants
Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants
Special provisions as to financial Bills
Rules of procedure
Regulation by law of procedure in Parliament in relation to financial business
Language to be used in Parliament
Restriction on discussion in Parliament
Courts not to inquire into proceedings of Parliament
Power of President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Parliament
Establishment and constitution of Supreme Court
Salaries, etc, of Judges
Appointment of acting Chief Justice
Appointment of ad hoc Judges
Attendance of retired Judges at sittings of the Supreme Court
Supreme Court to be a court of record
Seat of Supreme Court
Original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in certain cases
Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in regard to civil matters
Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in regard to criminal matters
Certificate for appeal to the Supreme Court
Jurisdiction and powers of the Federal Court under existing law to be exercisable by the Supreme Court
Special leave to appeal by the Supreme Court
Review of judgments or orders by the Supreme Court
Enlargement of the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
Conferment on the Supreme Court of powers to issue certain writs
Transfer of certain cases
Ancillary powers of Supreme Court
Law declared by Supreme Court to be binding on all courts
Enforcement of decrees and orders of Supreme Court and orders as to discovery, etc
Power of President to consult Supreme Court
Civil and judicial authorities to act in aid of the Supreme Court
Rules of Court, etc
Officers and servants and the expenses of the Supreme Court
Interpretation
Comptroller and Auditor-General of India
Duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General
Form of accounts of the Union and of the States
Audit reports
Governors of States
Executive power of State
Appointment of Governor
Term of office of Governor
Qualifications for appointment as Governor
Conditions of Governor's office
Oath or affirmation by the Governor
Discharge of the functions of the Governor in certain contingencies
Power of Governor to grant pardons, etc, and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases
Extent of executive power of State
Council of Ministers to aid and advise Governor
Advocate-General for the State
Conduct of business of the Government of a State
Duties of Chief Minister as respects the furnishing of information to Governor, etc
Constitution of Legislatures in States
Abolition or creation of Legislative Councils in States
Composition of the Legislative Assemblies
Composition of the Legislative Councils
Duration of State Legislatures
Qualification for membership of the State Legislature
Sessions of the State Legislature, prorogation and dissolution
Right of Governor to address and send messages to the House or Houses
Special address by the Governor
Rights of Ministers and Advocate General as respects the Houses
The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly
The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council
Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Chairman and Deputy Chairman
Salaries and allowances of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker and the Chairman and Deputy Chairman
Secretariat of State Legislature
Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 188 or when not qualified or when disqualified
Powers, privileges, etc, of the Houses of Legislatures and of the members and committees thereof
Restriction on powers of Legislative Council as to Bills other than Money Bills
Bills reserved for consideration
Procedure in Legislature with respect to estimates
Regulation by law of procedure in the Legislature of the State in relation to financial business
Language to be used in the Legislature
Restriction on discussion in the Legislature
Courts not to inquire into proceedings of the Legislature
Power of Governor to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Legislature
High Courts for States
High Courts to be courts of record
Constitution of High Courts
Appointment and conditions of the office of a Judge of a High Court
Application of certain provisions relating to Supreme Court to High Courts
Oath or affirmation by Judges of High Courts
Restriction on practice after being a permanent Judge
Transfer of a Judge from one High Court to another
Appointment of additional and acting Judges
Appointment of retired Judges at sittings of High Courts
Jurisdiction of existing High Courts
Power of High Courts to issue certain writs
Power of superintendence over all courts by the High Court
Transfer of certain cases to High Court
Officers and servants and the expenses of High Courts
Extension of jurisdiction of High Courts to Union territories
Establishment of a common High Court for two or more States
Appointment of district judges
Validation of appointments of, and judgments, etc, delivered by, certain district judges
Recruitment of persons other than district judges to the judicial service
Control over subordinate courts
Application of the provisions of this Chapter to certain class or classes of magistrates
Application of provisions of Part VI to States in Part B of the First Schedule
Administration of Union territories
Special provisions with respect to Delhi
Creation of local Legislatures or Council of Ministers or both for certain Union territories
Provision in case of failure of constitutional machinery
Power of administrator to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Legislature
Power of President to make regulations for certain Union territories
High Courts for Union territories
Gram Sabha
Constitution of Panchayats
Composition of Panchayats
Reservation of seats
Duration of Panchayats, etc
Powers, authority and responsibilities of Panchayats
Powers to impose taxes by, and Funds of, the Panchayats
Constitution of Finance Commission to review financial position
Audit of accounts of Panchayats
Elections to the Panchayats
Application to Union territories
Part not to apply to certain areas
Continuance of existing laws and Panchayats
Bar to interference by courts in electoral matters
Constitution of Municipalities
Composition of Municipalities
Constitution and composition of Wards Committees, etc
Duration of Municipalities, etc
Powers, authority and responsibilities of Municipalities, etc
Power to impose taxes by, and Funds of, the Municipalities
Finance Commission
Audit of accounts of Municipalities
Elections to the Municipalities
Committee for district planning
Committee for Metropolitan planning
Continuance of existing laws and Municipalities
Incorporation of co-operative societies
Number and term of members of board and its office bearers
Election of members of board
Supersession and suspension of board and interim management
Audit of accounts of co-operative societies
Convening of general body meetings
Right of a member to get information
Returns
Offences and Penalties
Application to multi-State co-operative societies
Continuance of existing laws
Administration of Scheduled Areas and Tribal Areas
Formation of an autonomous State comprising certain tribal areas in Assam and creation of local Legislature or Council of Ministers or both therefor
Extent of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States
Subject-matter of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States
Special provision with respect to goods and services tax
Power of Parliament to provide for the establishment of certain additional courts
Residuary powers of legislation
Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to a matter in the State List in the national interest
Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to any matter in the State List if a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation
Inconsistency between laws made by Parliament under articles 249 and 250 and laws made by the Legislatures of States
Power of Parliament to legislate for two or more States by consent and adoption of such legislation by
Legislation for giving effect to international agreements
Inconsistency between laws made by Parliament and laws made by the Legislatures of States
Requirements as to recommendations and previous sanctions to be regarded as matters of procedure only
Obligation of States and the Union
Control of the Union over States in certain cases
Power of the Union to confer powers, etc, on States in certain cases
Power of the States to entrust functions to the Union
Jurisdiction of the Union in relation to territories outside India
Public acts, records and judicial proceedings
Adjudication of disputes relating to waters of interState rivers or river valleys
Provisions with respect to an inter-State Council
Taxes not to be imposed save by authority of law
Consolidated Funds and public accounts of India and of the States
Contingency Fund
Duties levied by the Union but collected and appropriated by the States
Service tax levied by Union and collected and appropriated by the Union and the States
Taxes levied and collected by the Union but assigned to the States
Levy and collection of goods and services tax in course of inter-State trade or commerce
Taxes levied and distributed between the Union and the States
Surcharge on certain duties and taxes for purposes of the Union
Grants in lieu of export duty on jute and jute products
Prior recommendation of President required to Bills affecting taxation in which States are interested
Grants from the Union to certain States
Taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments
Savings
Calculation of “net proceeds”, etc
Recommendations of the Finance Commission
Expenditure defrayable by the Union or a State out of its revenues
Custody, etc, of Consolidated Funds, Contingency Funds and moneys credited to the public accounts
Custody of suitors’ deposits and other moneys received by public servants and courts
Exemption of property of the Union from State taxation
Restrictions as to imposition of tax on the sale or purchase of goods
Exemption from taxes on electricity
Exemption from taxation by States in respect of water or electricity in certain cases
Exemption of property and income of a State from Union taxation
Adjustment in respect of certain expenses and pensions
Annual payment to certain Devaswom Funds
Borrowing by the Government of India
Borrowing by States
Succession to property, assets, rights, liabilities and obligations in certain cases
Succession to property, assets, rights, liabilities and obligations in other cases
Property accruing by escheat or lapse or as bona vacantia
Things of value within territorial waters or continental shelf and resources of the exclusive economic zone to vest in the Union
Power to carry on trade, etc
Contracts
Suits and proceedings
Persons not to be deprived of property save by authority of law
Freedom of trade, commerce and intercourse
Power of Parliament to impose restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse
Restrictions on the legislative powers of the Union and of the States with regard to trade and commerce
Restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse among States
Saving of existing laws and laws providing for State monopolies
Appointment of authority for carrying out the purposes of articles 301 to 304
Recruitment and conditions of service of persons serving the Union or a State
Tenure of office of persons serving the Union or a State
Dismissal, removal or reduction in rank of persons employed in civil capacities under the Union or a State
All-India services
Power of Parliament to vary or revoke conditions of service of officers of certain services
Transitional provisions
Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States
Appointment and term of office of members
Removal and suspension of a member of a Public Service Commission
Power to make regulations as to conditions of service of members and staff of the Commission
Prohibition as to the holding of offices by members of Commission on ceasing to be such members
Power to extend functions of Public Service Commissions
Expenses of Public Service Commissions
Reports of Public Service Commissions
Administrative tribunals
Tribunals for other matters
Superintendence, direction and control of elections to be vested in an Election Commission
No person to be ineligible for inclusion in, or to claim to be included in a special, electoral roll on grounds of religion, race, caste or sex
Elections to the House of the People and to the Legislative Assemblies of States to be on the basis of adult suffrage
Power of Parliament to make provision with respect to elections to Legislatures
Power of Legislature of a State to make provision with respect to elections to such Legislature
Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People
Representation of the Anglo-Indian Community in the House of the People
Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Legislative Assemblies of the States
Representation of the Anglo-Indian community in the Legislative Assemblies of the States
Reservation of seats and special representation to cease after certain period
Claims of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to services and posts
Special provision for Anglo-Indian community in certain services
Special provision with respect to educational grants for the benefit of Anglo-Indian community
National Commission for Scheduled Castes
National Commission for Scheduled Tribes
Control of the Union over the administration of Scheduled Areas and the welfare of Scheduled Tribes
Appointment of a Commission to investigate the conditions of backward classes
Scheduled Castes
Scheduled Tribes
Official language of the Union
Commission and Committee of Parliament on official language
Official language or languages of a State
Official language for communication between one State and another or between a State and the Union
Special provision relating to language spoken by a section of the population of a State
Language to be used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, etc
Special procedure for enactment of certain laws relating to language
Language to be used in representations for redress of grievances
Facilities for instruction in mother-tongue at primary stage
Special Officer for linguistic minorities
Directive for development of the Hindi language
Proclamation of Emergency
Effect of Proclamation of Emergency
Application of provisions relating to distribution of revenues while a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation
Duty of the Union to protect States against external aggression and internal disturbance
Provisions in case of failure of constitutional machinery in States
Exercise of legislative powers under Proclamation issued under article 356
Suspension of provisions of article 19 during emergencies
Suspension of the enforcement of the rights conferred by Part III during emergencies
Provisions as to financial emergency
Protection of President and Governors and Rajpramukhs
Protection of publication of proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures
Disqualification for appointment on remunerative political post
Bar to interference by courts in disputes arising out of certain treaties, agreements, etc
Recognition granted to Rulers of Indian States to cease and privy purses to be abolished
Special provisions as to major ports and aerodromes
Effect of failure to comply with, or to give effect to, directions given by the Union
Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution and procedure therefor
Temporary power to Parliament to make laws with respect to certain matters in the State List as if they were matters in the Concurrent List
Temporary provisions with respect to the State of Jammu and Kashmir
Special provision with respect to the States of Maharashtra and Gujarat
Special provision with respect to the State of Nagaland
Special provision with respect to the State of Assam
Special provision with respect to the State of Manipur
Special provisions with respect to the State of Andhra Pradesh
Establishment of Central University in Andhra Pradesh
Special provisions with respect to the State of Sikkim
Special provision with respect to the State of Mizoram
Special provision with respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh
Special provision with respect to the State of Goa
Continuance in force of existing laws and their adaptation
Power of the President to adapt laws
Power of President to make order in respect of persons under preventive detention in certain cases
Provisions as to Judges of the Federal Court and proceedings pending in the Federal Court or before His Majesty in Council
Courts, authorities and officers to continue to function subject to the provisions of the Constitution
Provisions as to Judges of High Courts
Provisions as to Comptroller and Auditor-General of India
Provisions as to Public Service Commissions
Special provision as to duration of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly
Power of the President to remove difficulties
Short title
Commencement
Authoritative text in the Hindi language
Repeals